@AnonyMary; Glad to be helpful.
@Glib;The eldest discussion in psychology is the nature-versus-nurture debate. Are psychosocial problems like addiction caused by genetical or neurological causes (nature) or by psychological trauma (nurture).
Behavioral psychology is the branch of psychology that says that the cause of certain behavior is not important.
What is important is to learn the skills to change the unwanted behavior. Just learn to say no. Something like that.
Of course we all can use some communication skills, but knowing how to say no doesn't cure the problem. Most addicts know darn well how to say no, they just don't do it.
According to hardcore behaviorists f.i. alcoholics could learn to drink just one or two drinks. We all know how that ends. Drunk.
You cannot control compulsive behavior. Either you use or you don't, when you have an abuse problem.
They know that now. That's why this kind of therapy is obsolete today.
Up-to-date rehab focusses on all aspects of addiction, not just one.
Late in the nineties advanced brain scanning techniques showed significant changes in brain physiology in substance abusers, but also in compulsive gamblers, sex addicts and other weirdo's. But research on identical twins shows that there are more factors than just genetic bad luck.
Science now believes the tendency towards addiction is partly genetic, and partly aquired through bad childhood experiences and peer pressure. Cold have told 'm that much myself.
Therapy that only focusses on the behavioral aspects of addiction didn't turn out to be very effective in the long run. The mainstream in addiction care looks at all the important factors in substance abuse:
-No using of the addictive substance. NONE.
-learning effective communication skills
-learning to take responsibility for your own life
-learning to have pleasure while sober

It almost sounds like a commercial for scientology, doesn't it?
At least there's no space opera involved. Love, Sekh.